The idea that thunderstorms can aggravate asthma symptoms seems counterintuitive. After all, light rains tend to decrease the levels of airborne pollen, putting a damper on a known asthma trigger. However, according to Laurie Manka, MD, the elements of a heavy weather front can combine to create the perfect storm for asthma symptoms.
What Is Thunderstorm Asthma?
“There are three main stages,” said Dr. Manka. “First, the wind blows and concentrates pollens and mold spores, sweeping them up into the clouds. Second, humidity and electricity rupture the pollens and molds, creating particles that are smaller and easier to inhale into the lungs and sinuses. Third, gusts of wind disperse those small particles. And these can potentially affect a lot of people.”
The result is “thunderstorm asthma,” a phenomenon where symptoms like coughing and shortness of breath coincide with severe weather.
Spring and Summer Air
During the spring and summer, thunderstorms are more prevalent and more asthma triggers are circulating. Pollen and mold spore counts are higher throughout these seasons, and they’re not alone. Particles from air pollution and wildfire smoke come into play, as well as rising temperatures.
These substances also can be whipped up by thunderstorms, leading to a cocktail of asthma triggering particles. Because winds can carry these particles over great distances, you don’t have to be near the source of an asthma trigger for it to affect you. “During a thunderstorm, pollens can be spread for miles,” explained Dr. Manka.